Mentor Text Lessons: 6 Traits and Primary Writers
Introducing the NNWP's Six by Six Guide: lessons and writing prompts specifically for primary classrooms
Hello, my name is Jodie Black, and I served as Co-Director of the Northern Nevada Writing Project between 2003-2007. Our Northern Nevada Writing Project is a healthy organization flourishing around the Reno/Sparks metropolitan area.
You are looking at our webpage devoted to our 2008 publication: Six by Six: Traits Writing for Little Writers. Classroom teachers, currently teaching the primary grades, who have explored how to teach the traits to five and six year olds, created this guide of thirty six lessons. This group of eager and excited professionals took the time to teach each of these lessons in their classrooms to their students. We know these lessons work. We have tested them. We know these lessons produce good work. We have included student samples. We know you’re going to enjoy teaching these lessons. When the group came together to share our work, we couldn’t wait to go back to class and try each other’s lessons.
In order to create a viable focus for traits lessons in the primary grades, kindergarten and first grade exclusively, our group borrowed a key idea from Vicki Spandel. In her book Creating Young Writers: Using the Six Traits to Enrich Writing Process in Primary Classrooms, (2nd Edition, Pearson Education, Inc. 2008, an excellent companion volume to this guide), Vicki Spandel explains the idea of “conceptualizing” the traits. Spandel emphasizes that it may be difficult for young writers, or pre-writers to grasp the notion of the traits. So she asks teachers to think, “What is it, really?…[what] is the concept underlying each trait.” And how can we, through conceptualization, make the “definition[s] clearer to young minds?” (p.86)
In the way she outlines her ideas of traits as concepts, Spandel opens the door wide for teachers who wish to think in this way as an avenue to bring the trait language in reach for students who are generating little, or maybe no, text. For example, she explains that Ideas can be thought of as “something to write about.” Using the concept of Ideas, Spandel suggests that students use lists as a way to capture ideas and hold them for future reference (p.90). In Creating Young Writers, Spandel gives advice on how to conceptualize each of the six traits. Later in her volume, she briefly outlines teaching ideas using the traits as concepts. Spandel shares some awesome lesson ideas and our group realized right away that conceptualizing the traits leads to a plethora of primary writing lessons.
Once our teaching group started thinking of the traits as concepts, we couldn’t stop. Lessons we had previously taught, we rethought in light of conceptualization. New lessons popped into our heads. The students’ work and creativity led us further still into the traits as concepts. What a perfect way to bring the language of the traits, the concepts of the traits, the “what are they?” of the traits, to the littlest writers.
On this page, we feature lessons from the print guide we created, and we also feature resources that the Six by Six Guide has inspired since its publication. Please feel free to borrow ideas featured on this page, and please consider supporting this website by purchasing the complete guide created through this project by clicking here.
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The Book that Helped Inspire our 6 x 6 Print Guide:
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Here is our template for K-3rd grade teachers' lessons. If we post your lesson at WritingFix, we will send you any two of the NNWP's Print Resources as our way of saying thank-you for sharing your ideas with the thousands of teachers who use this website. |
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Twelve Nevada Teachers Who Helped Build our 6 x 6 Guide |
Six Complimentary Lessons from our 6 x 6 Guide |
Shannon Allan
lesson contributor |
Dee Lynn Armstrong
lesson contributor |
Lisa Daines
lesson contributor |
The NNWP's 6 x 6 Guide: Traits Writing with Little Writers Guide contains thirty-six lessons, six for each trait. Teachers in Northern Nevada have been thrilled with the variety of lessons featured in the guide:
"Thanks so much for the Six by Six: Traits Writing for Little Writers book. I am so excited! I have struggled with how to make those traits make sense to little writers for five years now. Thanks for this help!" (Gretchen Hemmert Shipp, Nevada teacher)
Below, find six of the thirty-six lessons from the guide. If you decide to purchase the complete 6 x 6 Guide from the NNWP, you will help WritingFix continue to grow.. |
Jody Dallas
lesson contributor |
Brenda Freund
lesson contributor |
Launie Gardner
guide editor |
An Idea Development Lesson:
"Squiggle" from Shannon Allan, a first grade teacher. |
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Kristy Grow
lesson contributor |
Corbett Harrison
webpage designer |
Karen McGee
lesson contributor |
A Voice Lesson:
"Bear, Bear, Bear" from Karen McGee, a retired kindergarten teacher. |
A Word Choice Lesson:
"What I Wanna?" from Jody Dallas, a first grade teacher.
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Traci Mendoza
lesson contributor |
Anne Newlin
lesson contributor |

Leta Rabenstine
lesson contributor
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A Sentence Fluency Lesson:
"I Caught It!" from Brenda Freund, a kindergarten teacher.
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A Conventions Lesson:
"Writing Rainbows" from Kristy Grow, a kindergarten teacher. |
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Primary Classroom Lessons Inspired after the Publication of our 2008 6 x 6 Guide
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The 6 X 6 Guide was distributed in December of 2008. Since then, teachers who have used it have created their own lessons, using the lesson template we provide them.
Here, find additional lessons written by both teachers who contributed to the original guide and teachers who enroll in our workshops and inservices for K-2 teachers.
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An Organization Lesson:
"About Frogs" by Dee Lynn Armstrong, a kindergarten teacher. |
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Click on the lesson's title or the book thumbnail to read an overview and to access the entire lesson and its resources, including student samples and graphic organizers.
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A Sentence Fluency Lesson:
"Oh, Messy Cheetos" by Anne Newlin, a kindergarten teacher. |
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More Primary Lessons Featured at our Other Projects: |
Our Resources for Older Student Writers: |
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Our 2008 6 x 6 Guide is a collection off lessons specifically designed for kindergarten and first-grade teachers. Our second- and third-grade teachers, especially those at schools with high populations of language-learning students, have also found appropriate inspiration within its pages.
If you're asking, "What about older student writers?" then you haven't thoroughly explored WritingFix yet!
First of all, our 2006 resource--the Going Deep with 6 Trait Language Guide--contains trait-inspired resources from 3rd-12th grade students.
In addition, the two lesson collections listed below were all designed by Nevada 3rd - 12th grade teachers. Enjoy exploring these two collections, if working with older students: |
Lesson:
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle...

Lesson's Mentor Texts: "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle," sung by Jack Johson and Brown Bear, Brown Bear by Bill Martin, Jr.
Lesson Objective: Students create original pieces of writing about saving the environment.
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Lesson:
Things I Love Poems & Songs

Lesson's Mentor Texts: "I Love," sung by Tom T. Hall and the picture book, I Love, by Brigitte Minne
Lesson Objective: Inspired by both mentor texts' ideas, students create an original poem about things they love.
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Lesson:
Can We Help Save the Earth?

Lesson's Mentor Texts: The Little House by Virginia Lee Burton and Farewell to Shady Glade by Bill Peet
Lesson Objective: Students write a perspective journal entry from the point of view of a character inspired by the two mentor texts.
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